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2.1.5.1 String Methods

These are the string methods which both 8-bit strings and Unicode objects support:

`capitalize` ()
  Return a copy of the string with only its first character capitalized.

`center` (width)
  Return centered in a string of length width. Padding is done using spaces.

`count` (sub[, start[, end]])
  Return the number of occurrences of substring sub in string S`[start:end]`. Optional arguments start and end are interpreted as in slice notation.

`encode` ([encoding[,errors]])
  Return an encoded version of the string. Default encoding is the current default string encoding. errors may be given to set a different error handling scheme. The default for errors is `'strict'`, meaning that encoding errors raise a `ValueError`. Other possible values are `'ignore'` and `'replace'`.

`endswith` (suffix[, start[, end]])
  Return true if the string ends with the specified suffix, otherwise return false. With optional start, test beginning at that position. With optional end, stop comparing at that position.

`expandtabs` ([tabsize])
  Return a copy of the string where all tab characters are expanded using spaces. If tabsize is not given, a tab size of `8` characters is assumed.

`find` (sub[, start[, end]])
  Return the lowest index in the string where substring sub is found, such that sub is contained in the range [start, end). Optional arguments start and end are interpreted as in slice notation. Return `-1` if sub is not found.

`index` (sub[, start[, end]])
  Like `find()`, but raise `ValueError` when the substring is not found.

`isalnum` ()
  Return true if all characters in the string are alphanumeric and there is at least one character, false otherwise.

`isalpha` ()
  Return true if all characters in the string are alphabetic and there is at least one character, false otherwise.

`isdigit` ()
  Return true if there are only digit characters, false otherwise.

`islower` ()
  Return true if all cased characters in the string are lowercase and there is at least one cased character, false otherwise.

`isspace` ()
  Return true if there are only whitespace characters in the string and the string is not empty, false otherwise.

`istitle` ()
  Return true if the string is a titlecased string, i.e. uppercase characters may only follow uncased characters and lowercase characters only cased ones. Return false otherwise.

`isupper` ()
  Return true if all cased characters in the string are uppercase and there is at least one cased character, false otherwise.

`join` (seq)
  Return a string which is the concatenation of the strings in the sequence seq. The separator between elements is the string providing this method.

`ljust` (width)
  Return the string left justified in a string of length width. Padding is done using spaces. The original string is returned if width is less than `len(s)`.

`lower` ()
  Return a copy of the string converted to lowercase.

`lstrip` ()
  Return a copy of the string with leading whitespace removed.

`replace` (old, new[, maxsplit])
  Return a copy of the string with all occurrences of substring old replaced by new. If the optional argument maxsplit is given, only the first maxsplit occurrences are replaced.

`rfind` (sub [,start [,end]])
  Return the highest index in the string where substring sub is found, such that sub is contained within s[start,end]. Optional arguments start and end are interpreted as in slice notation. Return `-1` on failure.

`rindex` (sub[, start[, end]])
  Like `rfind()` but raises `ValueError` when the substring sub is not found.

`rjust` (width)
  Return the string right justified in a string of length width. Padding is done using spaces. The original string is returned if width is less than `len(s)`.

`rstrip` ()
  Return a copy of the string with trailing whitespace removed.

`split` ([sep [,maxsplit]])
  Return a list of the words in the string, using sep as the delimiter string. If maxsplit is given, at most maxsplit splits are done. If sep is not specified or `None`, any whitespace string is a separator.

`splitlines` ([keepends])
  Return a list of the lines in the string, breaking at line boundaries. Line breaks are not included in the resulting list unless keepends is given and true.

`startswith` (prefix[, start[, end]])
  Return true if string starts with the prefix, otherwise return false. With optional start, test string beginning at that position. With optional end, stop comparing string at that position.

`strip` ()
  Return a copy of the string with leading and trailing whitespace removed.

`swapcase` ()
  Return a copy of the string with uppercase characters converted to lowercase and vice versa.

`title` ()
  Return a titlecased version of, i.e. words start with uppercase characters, all remaining cased characters are lowercase.

`translate` (table[, deletechars])
  Return a copy of the string where all characters occurring in the optional argument deletechars are removed, and the remaining characters have been mapped through the given translation table, which must be a string of length 256.

`upper` ()
  Return a copy of the string converted to uppercase.