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2.4.5 Integer and long integer literals

Integer and long integer literals are described by the following lexical definitions:

      longinteger:    integer ("l"|"L")
      integer:        decimalinteger | octinteger | hexinteger
      decimalinteger: nonzerodigit digit* | "0"
      octinteger:     "0" octdigit+
      hexinteger:     "0" ("x"|"X") hexdigit+
      nonzerodigit:   "1"..."9"
      octdigit:       "0"..."7"
      hexdigit:        digit|"a"..."f"|"A"..."F"

Although both lower case `l' and upper case `L' are allowed as suffix for long integers, it is strongly recommended to always use `L', since the letter `l' looks too much like the digit `1'.

Plain integer decimal literals must be at most 2147483647 (i.e., the largest positive integer, using 32-bit arithmetic). Plain octal and hexadecimal literals may be as large as 4294967295, but values larger than 2147483647 are converted to a negative value by subtracting 4294967296. There is no limit for long integer literals apart from what can be stored in available memory.

Some examples of plain and long integer literals:

      7     2147483647                        0177    0x80000000
      3L    79228162514264337593543950336L    0377L   0x100000000L